Rademics Research Institute

Abstract

The rapid growth of EVs and the increasing integration of renewable energy sources (RES) necessitate intelligent control strategies to enhance the efficiency, reliability, and sustainability of EV charging infrastructure. IoT-enabled power electronics, combined with Vehicle-to-Grid (V2G) technology, play a pivotal role in enabling bidirectional energy flow, real-time demand-response management, and optimized charging strategies. This book chapter explores the convergence of smart grid technologies, AI-driven forecasting models, and energy storage solutions to facilitate seamless grid interaction and enhance the stability of renewable-powered EV charging networks. Digital Twin technology was introduced as a transformative approach for real-time monitoring, predictive analytics, and adaptive control, ensuring the efficient utilization of distributed renewable energy resources. The integration of hybrid renewable energy systems, supercapacitors, and AI-based load forecasting techniques further strengthens grid resilience while addressing key challenges such as energy intermittency, peak demand fluctuations, and grid congestion. The chapter also examines the role of advanced energy storage solutions, including battery management systems, in mitigating power fluctuations and improving the overall efficiency of smart EV charging networks. Cybersecurity, interoperability, and regulatory considerations for large-scale deployment are also discussed, along with future research directions for enhancing the intelligence and scalability of next-generation EV charging systems.

Introduction

The rapid electrification of transportation and the increasing deployment of renewable energy sources (RES) are reshaping the energy landscape, necessitating the development of intelligent electric vehicle (EV) charging infrastructure [1,2]. Conventional EV charging networks primarily rely on grid-based power, which often leads to challenges such as peak demand fluctuations, grid congestion, and increased reliance on non-renewable energy sources [3]. Integrating RES such as solar and wind into EV charging infrastructure offers a sustainable solution to mitigate these challenges. The intermittent and variable nature of renewables presents complexities in maintaining a stable and efficient charging network [4]. The adoption of intelligent control strategies, leveraging IoT-enabled power electronics and Vehicle-to-Grid (V2G) technology, was critical to optimizing energy distribution, balancing demand and supply, and enhancing the resilience of smart charging networks [5,6].

IoT-enabled power electronics facilitate real-time monitoring, predictive analytics, and automated energy management within EV charging stations [7]. These technologies enable adaptive load balancing by dynamically adjusting charging rates based on grid conditions, renewable energy availability, and user preferences [8]. The ability to collect and process vast amounts of energy-related data enhances decision-making capabilities, allowing for improved demand response strategies and more efficient utilization of distributed energy resources [9-11]. The integration of AI-driven forecasting models enables more accurate predictions of energy generation and consumption patterns, ensuring that charging infrastructure can effectively accommodate fluctuating renewable inputs while maintaining grid stability [12].